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Kiev Pechersk Lavra
Kyiv Pechersk Lavra〔(Verkhovna Rada Portal ) This is the official English spelling used by the Ukrainian government〕〔( Parliament votes down law on preservation of Kyiv Pechersk Lavra complex ) Interfax-Ukraine, 16 June 2010 at 10:42〕 ((ウクライナ語:Києво-Печерська лавра, ''Kyievo-Pechers'ka lavra''), ), also known as the Kiev Monastery of the Caves, is a historic Orthodox Christian monastery which gave its name to one of the city districts where it is located in Kiev.
Since its foundation as the cave monastery in 1051〔(P.R. A History of Ukraine. University of Toronto Press: Toronto, 1996. p 98. )〕 the Lavra has been a preeminent center of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Eastern Europe. Together with the Saint Sophia Cathedral, it is inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.〔(Kyiv Pechersk Lavra, St. Sophia Cathedral remain on UNESCO’s World Heritage List ), Interfax-Ukraine (20 June 2013)〕 The monastery complex is considered a separate national historic-cultural preserve (sanctuary), the national status to which was granted on 13 March 1996.〔(Про надання статусу національного Києво-Печерському державному історико-культурному заповіднику )〕 The Lavra is not only located in another part of the city, but is part of a different national sanctuary than Saint Sophia Cathedral. While being a cultural attraction, the monastery is currently active. It was named one of the Seven Wonders of Ukraine on 21 August 2007, based on voting by experts and the internet community.
Currently, the jurisdiction over the site is divided between the state museum, National Kiev-Pechersk Historic-Cultural Preserve,〔()〕 and the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchy) as the site of the chief monastery of that Church and the residence of its leader, Metropolitan Onuphrius.
==Etymology and other names==
The word ''pechera'' means ''cave''. The word ''lavra'' is used to describe high-ranking male monasteries for monks of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Therefore, the name of the monastery is also translated as Kiev Cave Monastery, Kiev Caves Monastery or the Kiev Monastery of the Caves (''на печерах'').
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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